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Frontispiece.

Preface, by J. F. Gates Clarke                                                    III

Introduction                                                                                  1

Noteworthy Findings of the Study                                             2

Acknowledgments                                                                        6

Trap-nesting technique                                                                8

Tools                                                                                  8

Preparing traps for the field                                           10

Placement in the field                                                     10

Methods of nest study                                                    11

Photography                                                                   14

Localities                                                                                      14

Supersedure and Competition                                                   16

Nest Architecture                                                                        17

Preliminary plug                                                            17

Cell partition                                                                   19

Vestibular cell                                                                  21

Empty intercalary cells                                                   21

Other types of linear nests                                              22

Life Cycle                                                                                     23

Adult Emergence                                                                         25

Sequence of Sexes in Nests                                                         28

Correlation of Sex with Cell Size and Amount of Food           32

Prey                                                                                              33

Seasonal Abundance of Common Species                                34

Miscellaneous Occupants of Traps                                            38

Wasps and Bees                                                                          39

Family Vespidae                                                             39

Family Pompilidae                                                       160

Family Ampulicidae                                                     173

Family Sphecidae                                                         175

Family Colletidae                                                          261

Family Megachilidae                                                    264

Family Xyiocopidae                                                      344

Parasites and Predators                                                            349

Order Acarina                                                                349

Family Saproglyphidae                                          353

Family Acaridae                                                      365

Family Chaetodactylidae                                       367

Family Anoeiidae                                                    369

Family Pyemotidae                                                369

Order Thysanoptera                                                     371

Family Phlaeothripidae                                          371

Order Coleoptera                                                          372

Family Dermestidae                                               372

Family Cleridae                                                      376

Family Rhipiphoridae                                            379

Family Meloidae                                                     382

Family Stylopidae                                                  384

Order Dipiera                                                               395

Family Bombyliidae                                               395

Family Phoridae                                                     410

Family Conopidae                                                  412

Family Milithiidae                                                  413

Family Sarcophagidae                                           414

Order Hymenoptera                                                    421

Family Ichneumonidae                                          421

Family Eulophidae                                                 424

Family Encyrtidae                                                  433

Family Torymidae                                                  434

Family Lcucospidae                                               434

Family Chrysididae                                                437

Family Mutillidae                                                   475

Family Sapygidae                                                  479

Family Megachilidae                                             481

References                                                                                 487   

Plates                                                                                         497

Index                                                                                          557